: Tours and Excursion

Dam Square

Dam Square is the historical heart of Amsterdam, originally built as a dam on the Amstel River in the 13th century. This large rectangular square has been the city's central gathering place for centuries, surrounded by significant buildings and monuments.

History & Origins

The square originated around 1270 when a dam was built across the Amstel River to protect against floods and connect settlements on either side. This dam gave Amsterdam its name ('Amstel dam'). Over time, the dam was expanded and the surrounding area became the city's main marketplace.

In the 17th century, Dam Square was the commercial hub of Amsterdam during the Dutch Golden Age. The original weigh house (Waag) stood here until 1808 when it was demolished by King Louis Napoleon. The square has witnessed numerous historical events, including riots, celebrations, and royal coronations.

The current layout dates mainly from the 19th and 20th centuries, though the square maintains its historic importance as Amsterdam's ceremonial center.

Architecture & Features

The square is dominated by the Royal Palace (Koninklijk Paleis), originally built as the city hall in the Dutch Classicist style (1648-1665). Opposite stands the 15th-century Nieuwe Kerk (New Church), where Dutch monarchs are inaugurated.

The National Monument, a 22-meter tall white stone pillar (1956), commemorates Dutch victims of World War II. The square's pavement features special markings showing the original location of the dam and medieval city gates.

Legends & Facts

1. The Royal Palace was built on 13,659 wooden piles, a common foundation method in Amsterdam's marshy ground.

2. During WWII, Dam Square was the site of the 'Dam shootings' on May 7, 1945, when German troops fired on celebrating crowds.

3. The square once housed Amsterdam's stock exchange, considered the world's first, before it moved to a dedicated building.

Tourist Tips

Start your visit at the National Monument and walk toward the Royal Palace. The best views of the square can be had from the steps of the monument or from café terraces along the edges. Evening visits offer beautiful lighting of the surrounding buildings.

Nearby

• Royal Palace - The 17th-century former city hall, now used for royal receptions.
• Nieuwe Kerk - Gothic church hosting exhibitions and royal ceremonies.
• Madame Tussauds Amsterdam - Wax museum featuring Dutch celebrities and historical figures.
• De Bijenkorf - Amsterdam's premier department store since 1870.
• Kalverstraat - The city's busiest shopping street with numerous international brands.

Practical FAQ for Travelers

Is there an entrance fee for Dam Square?

No, the square itself is an open public space with free access at all times.

When is the best time to visit?

Early morning offers the quietest experience, while evenings showcase the illuminated buildings.

Are there guided tours available?

The square itself doesn't offer guided tours, but many city walking tours include it in their routes.

Is photography allowed?

Yes, photography is permitted throughout the square and of all monuments.

Are there restroom facilities?

Public restrooms are available in nearby department stores and cafés for customers.