: Tours and Excursion

Borobudur

Borobudur is a 9th-century Mahayana Buddhist temple in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. It is the world's largest Buddhist temple and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The temple consists of nine stacked platforms, six square and three circular, topped by a central dome. It is decorated with 2,672 relief panels and 504 Buddha statues.

History & Origins

Borobudur was built during the reign of the Sailendra Dynasty, around the 8th and 9th centuries. The construction is estimated to have taken 75 years and was completed around 825 AD during the reign of King Samaratungga. The temple was abandoned in the 14th century as Java converted to Islam and was rediscovered in 1814 by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles.

The temple's design reflects the Buddhist concept of the universe, with the lower levels representing the world of desire, the middle levels the world of forms, and the upper levels the world of formlessness. The central dome represents Nirvana, the ultimate goal of Buddhism.

Borobudur was heavily restored in the 20th century under the guidance of UNESCO and the Indonesian government. The restoration took eight years and was completed in 1983.

Architecture & Features

Borobudur is built as a single large stupa, with a pyramidal base and a central dome. The temple is constructed from gray andesite stone, with no mortar used in its construction. The relief panels depict scenes from Buddhist scriptures and Javanese daily life.

The temple's design is a blend of Indonesian indigenous ancestor worship and Buddhist concepts. The circular platforms at the top are adorned with bell-shaped stupas, each containing a Buddha statue. The central dome is surrounded by 72 Buddha statues, each seated inside a perforated stupa.

Legends & Facts

According to local legend, Borobudur was built by a powerful king in a single night. Another legend says that the temple was constructed to atone for the sins of a prince who killed his father.

Borobudur was used as a Buddhist pilgrimage site for centuries. Pilgrims would walk around the temple's levels, following the relief panels, which tell the story of the Buddha's life and teachings.

The temple was covered by volcanic ash from Mount Merapi for centuries, which helped preserve its intricate carvings. The ash also led to the temple being forgotten until its rediscovery in the 19th century.

Tourist Tips

Visitors should start their tour early in the morning to avoid the heat and crowds. The temple is best explored by walking clockwise around each level, following the relief panels. The sunrise view from the top of the temple is particularly stunning.

Nearby

• Prambanan Temple: A 9th-century Hindu temple complex near Yogyakarta.
• Mendut Temple: A smaller Buddhist temple located near Borobudur.
• Pawon Temple: A small temple between Borobudur and Mendut.
• Mount Merapi: An active volcano with hiking opportunities.
• Yogyakarta: A cultural city with traditional Javanese arts and crafts.

Practical FAQ for Travelers

What are the opening hours of Borobudur?

The temple is open daily from 6:00 AM to 5:00 PM.

Is there an entrance fee?

Yes, the entrance fee is 25 USD for foreigners.

What is the best time to visit?

Early morning for sunrise or late afternoon to avoid the heat.

Are there any dress code requirements?

Visitors should dress modestly, covering shoulders and knees.

Is photography allowed inside the temple?

Yes, photography is allowed, but drones are prohibited.

Are there facilities for children and disabled visitors?

The temple is accessible, but the upper levels may be challenging for wheelchairs.