: Tours and Excursion

The Great Sphinx of Giza

The Great Sphinx of Giza is a colossal limestone statue depicting a mythical creature with the body of a lion and the head of a human. It is one of the most iconic monuments of ancient Egypt and is believed to have been built during the reign of Pharaoh Khafre (c. 2558–2532 BCE). The Sphinx stands on the Giza Plateau, guarding the pyramids and symbolizing royal power and wisdom.

History & Origins

The Great Sphinx is thought to have been constructed during the Old Kingdom period, specifically during the reign of Pharaoh Khafre. Its face is often believed to resemble Khafre himself, though this remains a topic of debate among scholars. The statue was carved directly from the bedrock of the Giza Plateau, and its original purpose was likely to serve as a guardian of the necropolis.

Over the centuries, the Sphinx has suffered significant erosion, particularly due to wind and sand. It has also been partially buried in sand multiple times, with restoration efforts dating back to ancient Egypt. The statue's nose is famously missing, and while popular myths attribute its destruction to Napoleon's troops, historical evidence suggests it was damaged much earlier.

Architecture & Features

The Great Sphinx measures approximately 73 meters (240 feet) in length and 20 meters (66 feet) in height. Its body is carved from a single piece of limestone, and its head is adorned with a royal nemes headdress. The statue's face is highly detailed, with remnants of paint suggesting it was once brightly colored.

The Sphinx is aligned with the rising sun during the spring equinox, a feature that highlights its connection to solar worship. Its paws extend forward, and a small temple is located between them, which was likely used for offerings and rituals.

Legends & Facts

One of the most enduring legends about the Sphinx is the 'Riddle of the Sphinx,' a story from Greek mythology in which the Sphinx posed a riddle to travelers and killed those who could not answer. However, this tale is not rooted in Egyptian history.

The Sphinx has also been the subject of numerous archaeological studies, including efforts to uncover hidden chambers beneath it. While no definitive discoveries have been made, the possibility of undiscovered tunnels continues to intrigue researchers.

Tourist Tips

Visitors to the Great Sphinx should arrive early in the morning to avoid the midday heat and crowds. The site is best viewed from the eastern side, where the Sphinx's face is most visible. Photography is allowed, but tripods may require special permission.

Nearby

• Pyramids of Giza: The iconic trio of pyramids, including the Great Pyramid of Khufu.
• Solar Boat Museum: Houses a reconstructed ancient Egyptian boat discovered near the Great Pyramid.
• Valley Temple of Khafre: A well-preserved temple associated with Pharaoh Khafre.
• Saqqara Necropolis: An ancient burial site featuring the Step Pyramid of Djoser.
• Memphis: The ancient capital of Egypt, home to numerous archaeological remains.

Practical FAQ for Travelers

What are the opening hours?

The site is open daily from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM.

Is there an entrance fee?

Yes, tickets cost approximately 200 Egyptian pounds (around 10 Euro).

What is the best time to visit?

Early morning or late afternoon to avoid the heat and crowds.

Are children allowed?

Yes, children are welcome, and discounts may apply for minors.

Is the site accessible for people with disabilities?

Partial accessibility is available, but some areas may be difficult to navigate.